Republic of San Marino, Italy

San Marino, a country with a rich history as the oldest sovereign state and republic in the world, has a number of interesting features. One notable aspect is its relationship with the European Union. While it is not a member of the EU, it does utilize the euro as its official currency, even issuing its own embossed coins. Additionally, it employs two distinct calendars: one that follows the dates associated with the republic's founding and another that aligns with international standards. Another distinctive aspect of San Marino's governance is the rotation of two presidents, called Capitani Reggenti. I am proud to say one of my uncles served in this position twice, 1979–1980, each serving for a period of six months.

Beyond these unique aspects that establish the micro-country and the quite diverse and varied collection of museums, the old city has an amazing location on top of the mountain. Offering incredible views across San Marino and Italy's hidden gems, especially from the three towers that are icons of the country.

San Marino is a great day trip, but I recommend staying the night to experience the magic of the nearly silent morning streets. Despite its tiny size, San Marino has an incredible collection of unique facts, outstanding views and an impressive history.

The old town has three towers (La Prima Torre, La Seconda Torre and La Terrza Torre) atop the hill, which is the obvious highlight. But there are many villages to visit further down from the towering position on Monte Titano. Of course, they don´´t have the charm that the old town has.

The views of Italy and the ocean are absolutely breathtaking. The sunsets here are simply amazing. Once the day tourists leave, the old town reveals its serene charm. As of July 1, 2024, the UN estimates the population of San Marino to be 33,581. San Marino feels like you have literally stepped back in time.

Public transportation options will take you to and from San Marino. Buses will bring you right to the top, or you can take the cable car for an even better view!

San Marino, the world's fifth smallest country and the least visited in Europe, is distinguished by its unique attributes. The country offers a distinctive experience, allowing visitors to obtain a passport stamp, a significant attraction for collectors of postage stamps. Notably, San Marino's old town is a notable example of a car-free zone, where the number of vehicles exceeds the population.

The three towers of San Marino offer panoramic vistas, which are widely regarded as the country's quintessential image. These towers, which are a characteristic feature of the republic's landscape, offer breathtaking views of the surrounding area. However, it is the towers themselves that provide remarkable visual opportunities, owing to their strategic positioning and architectural design. The walkways that connect these towers traverse a significant portion of the historic district, offering visitors a unique perspective of the city. San Marino, a republic of notable antiquity, boasts a rich historical tapestry that has shaped its identity. According to historical records, the country was founded in A.D. 301 by a stonemason named Marinus, thus establishing itself as one of the earliest known constitutional republics worldwide. Notably, San Marino maintained its neutrality during the two world wars, declined an offer from Napoleon to expand its territory and has maintained a secular state, with a clear separation between state and church. Notably, the country's main church is utilized for non-religious events and purposes. To gain a more profound understanding of the country's history, it is highly recommended to participate in a guided walking tour of San Marino.

San Marino has its own calendar, which commences on the date of its Republican foundation. An intriguing peculiarity of the country is its dual calendrical system. Which often results in the perception of two distinct years or dates in various contexts. This discrepancy can be attributed to the adoption of the official calendar on the day of the republic's founding in A.D. 301.

It is important to avoid using the term "Italian" when referring to the population of San Marino, as this term is actually a misnomer. The people of San Marino are Sammarinese, not Italian. It is evident that the citizens of the Republic of San Marino possess a profound sense of pride. Which becomes evident to visitors within a brief period of time.

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